Elbow Ligamentous Instability (Medial) Evidence: confirmed

Elbow Valgus Stress Test Special Test

Orthopedic Physical Examination & Clinical Assessment Guide

Elbow Valgus Stress Test Orthopedic Special Test

What is it used for?

  • Assessing the integrity of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL).
  • Primary test for medial elbow instability.

How to Perform

  • Position: Flex the patient's elbow to 20-30° to unlock the olecranon bone from its fossa.
  • Action: Stabilize the patient's wrist with one hand and support the elbow with the other.
  • Force: Apply a valgus (inward) force to the elbow while externally rotating the arm.

Interpretation of Results

  • Positive Test: Pain on the medial aspect of the elbow or excessive gapping (laxity) compared to the uninjured side.

Diagnostic Accuracy

  • Sensitivity: 50-65% (Higher in acute injuries)

References