Ankle & Foot
Ligamentous Instability (Sprains)
Evidence: confirmed
Deltoid Ligament Test Special Test
Orthopedic Physical Examination & Clinical Assessment Guide
What is it used for?
- Assessing the medial ligaments (Deltoid ligament) of the ankle.
How to Perform
- Position: Patient sits with the leg hanging over the table. Stabilize the lower leg with one hand.
- Anterior Fibers: Grasp the top of the foot; combine Eversion and Plantarflexion.
- Middle Fibers: Grasp the heel; perform pure Eversion.
- Posterior Fibers: Grasp the heel; combine Eversion and Dorsiflexion.
Interpretation of Results
- Positive Test: Pain or excessive movement (hypermobility) in the ligament area.
- Note: A "mushy" or muscle spasm end-feel may indicate injury.
References
- Magee, D. J. (2021). Orthopedic Physical Assessment (7th ed.). Elsevier.