Shoulder
Instability
Evidence: confirmed
Sulcus Sign Special Test
Orthopedic Physical Examination & Clinical Assessment Guide
What is it used for?
- Diagnosing Multidirectional Instability (MDI) and Inferior Laxity.
How to Perform
- Action: Pull the arm downward (traction) at the elbow.
- Observation: Look for a depression (sulcus) below the acromion.
Interpretation of Results
- Positive Test: A visible sulcus >1cm.
Diagnostic Accuracy
- Sensitivity: 28%
- Specificity: 97%
References
- Magee, D. J. (2021). Orthopedic Physical Assessment.