Knee ACL & PCL Evidence: confirmed

Dial Test (Tibial External Rotation) Special Test

Orthopedic Physical Examination & Clinical Assessment Guide

Dial Test (Tibial External Rotation) Orthopedic Special Test

What is it used for?

  • Differentiating between isolated Posterolateral Corner (PLC) injury and combined PCL + PLC injury.

How to Perform

  • Position: Patient lies prone (or supine).
  • Action: Externally rotate both feet at 30° of knee flexion. Repeat at 90° of knee flexion.

Interpretation of Results

  • >10° difference at 30° only: Isolated PLC injury.
  • >10° difference at 30° AND 90°: Combined PCL + PLC injury.

References

  • Magee, D. J. (2021). Orthopedic Physical Assessment.
  • Miller, M. D. (2020). Miller's Review of Orthopaedics.